The effects on children of growing up in a household where both Essay

The consequences for offspring of experiencing childhood in a family unit where the two guardians work outside the home - Essay Example This paper looks at probably the most widely recognized reasons for working of the two guardians, and the general impacts of this training on the youngsters. In the current age, ladies go side by side with men in different social statuses. Be it instruction, work, or research, ladies have set their impression in all territories. Before, in a conventional family unit, man used to assume the job of bread worker for the family, and the lady used to sustain the children at home and deal with their nourishment, considers and such different necessities. That training was extremely advantageous for the kids specifically as they would invest adequate energy with in any event one of the two guardians. With the progression of time, an ever increasing number of ladies started to leave the home especially for work. There were a few fundamental factors that caused a by and large change in the conventional jobs of mother and father in a family unit. As a matter of first importance, by working, lad ies have made an endeavor to satisfy their since a long time ago developed want of coming at standard with men. Before, as examined above, man used to be the sole bread worker for the entire family. This allowed him the chance to go out and fabricate social relations. The informal community of man got more grounded when contrasted with ladies, who needed to turn to mingle for the most part with other ladies in the area. The expanded informal communication put more force in the hands of the man, and ladies began to feel themselves as living in a male commanded society. So as to come out of this stifling inclination, an ever increasing number of ladies began to consider, however it is inappropriate to state this was the main motivation behind why ladies today concentrate in enormous numbers. There are a few purposes for this. The vast majority of the occasions, it is without a doubt, the guardians that need their girls to be as taught as their children, so the decision is generally ma de by the guardians and not simply the little girls. In any case, resembling the men is without a doubt, one of the numerous causes why we see a greater number of ladies out today than before. Besides, as the general public has commonly gotten increasingly responsive towards the applications made by ladies for occupations, ladies can without much of a stretch look for some kind of employment. Truth be told, by and large, it so happens that when there is an opposition between a lady and a man with equivalent capabilities for a specific activity, the lady gets recruited and the man doesn't. An ever increasing number of ladies have utilized this reality and have begun to fill in therefore. Thirdly, it is very sensible for the two guardians to work in the contemporary time of financial downturn. Because of the ongoing budgetary emergency, organizations have been cut back by the proprietors trying to augment the benefits. Many individuals have been removed from occupations. Those, that h ave kept on working are being offered a lot of lower pays than what they used to be offered just hardly any years back. There is practically no employer stability nowadays, and individuals might be terminated whenever. To top everything, costs of items and offices of regular use are soaring. Thinking about these conditions, it is very astute of both the guardians to work. In any case, the training has routinely impactsly affected the kids. With both of the guardians out of the home, kids are generally left at the removal of house cleaners or workers. A few house cleaners and workers are ethically degenerate. Therefore, youngsters are presented to the dangers of physical maltreatment, hijacking and such different dangers. Ordinary, some such

Develop a stock market Essay

(a) Dependable law and guidelines The presence of reliable laws and guidelines, from the administration as well as from the ventures themselves is a vital conditions since these all the associations to contend and help out the oversea and overall organizations. (b) Resolution of strategy chance Speculator trust in solid property right and stable, showcase situated strategies are an important condition for money related incorporation and the advancement of rising securities exchanges. Declared market-situated arrangements might be turned around, be that as it may, and are at first not completely sound. We contend that continued privatization and advancement programs speak to a significant trial of political pledge to more secure private property rights, fruitful privatization significantly affects rising financial exchange improvement through the goals of approach chance, for example the danger of ex post arrangement changes with redistributive effect on venture returns. The proof demonstrated the advancement in privatization steadily prompts expanded certainty. (c) Promoting sound monetary establishments Sound monetary establishments particularly banks, is a significant essential for money related strength. The biggest number of emergencies despite everything emerge, be it in developing business sector economies or modern nations, from money related establishments overextending themselves when times appear to be acceptable and afterward conserving brutally a short time later. Administration would initially profit by a more prominent inward spotlight on hazard balanced paces of return, especially while compensating merchants and credit officials. The persistent quest for investor esteem, without this urgent change, could demonstrate an extremely perilous technique. (d) Developing overall worthy bookkeeping and review standard It is suggested calling ought to be is self-directed through accountingâ standard board rather than manage by government, improve the trustworthy of bookkeeping and examining report up to global bookkeeping framework (IAS) norms.

Research On Homeless And The Economic Condition - 1375 Words

Research On Homeless And The Economic Condition (Research Paper Sample) Content: NameInstructorCourseDateThe homelessThe homeless are those individual who have been affected by the condition of lacking a home, which is a basic necessity. The condition is homelessness .Talking of homelessness, this is the condition were an individual lacks a permanent place of residence or dwelling. The homeless have no ability to have a good place to live and call home. This renders them homeless, which is a form of lack, and at times calls for intervention for them to be able to cope up well with the ups and downs of life. The homeless lack proper housing, though the condition has different definition, which are all considered by what defines the laws of a country, in manner of the economic condition in the country. This is also an implication that some people who are regarded as homeless may not necessarily be facing a problem /lack. It may be simply a disposition that is caused by different conditions, which makes them lack a permanent dwelling place. However, having such considerations is at times viewed as null and void as we have some other individuals who may choose to live in hotels, on a permanent basis .These are not supposed to be regarded as homeless, since the condition is simple and can be dealt with in the most appropriate manner, if the latter chooses to make things better. Therefore, the homeless should be considered as those people who are in the situation of homelessness, but not in their bidding or wish. The homeless reside in different places, which include: * Shanty structures * Tents * Unoccupied buildings * Abandoned buildings * Mountainous areas * Creek banks * Churches * StreetsThe above are examples of the places where the homeless reside. They do so in structures that are meant to prevent cold or harsh weather conditionsCauses of homelessnessThe condition of some people being rendered homeless is brought about by very many factors. This are the factors that see the latter without a place of residence .The factors can be as a result of what the homeless have brought in to their lives, or simply an act of fate that was decided to them, and they are ready to receive. Some of the causes of homelessness include: * Lack of employmentThis is a condition that leads to lack of enough resources with which an individual can use to access good and proper housing * PovertyFamilies that are impoverished my end up being homeless. Poverty I s one of the major causes of street families and homelessness * Lack of good healthcareLack of good healthcare may predispose a person to be homeless, if they go to far distances, and lack enough money for upkeep and housing. This way, the only solution is homelessness * Lack of housing that is cheap and that which is cheap in acquisitionThere may be available housing, but the acquisition of the same is hard as the house may be expensive to acquire and use. * MigrationMay lead to people being homeless if they migrate to places where we have an issue with the acquisition of a place of residence * Political causes and upheavalsPolitical clashes and issues may cause homelessness, if a group of people are hit and their places of residence destroyed or charred down. * Natural disastersThese disasters may claim the lives of many people, as well as destroy their places of residence, rendering them homeless. * Mental disordersA person who is mentally sick has no idea of having a place of residence, and thus end up living in the open and anywhere they feel is right * Bring injuries that are traumatic * Social exclusion-gender and race * Eviction with forceThis is done due to political influences or issues to do with land and grabbing of public resources * Going back to normal life after prisonWhen people get out prison, they may have this problem with housing, especially if their livelihood was stolen by the prison. * Domestic violenceMay lead individuals to a state where they choose to be out of a home, other than stay in one that has no peace.Categories of the homelessHomelessness can fall under different categories. All these are important as they help in making it clear the types of the homeless people that we have. This is important to anyone who wishes to look into the issue in great details.There are instances where the homeless occupy a place, usually unoccupied area, or a building, usually on illegal basis. This is referred to as squatting. That is where the name squatters comes from. These homeless people have no legal rights to be ion such places .Squatters are forced by circumstances to be in such places ,and are thus considered as homelessness .However, some aspects of squatting are done on the basis of political systems and movements.We also have a group of homeless people who do not have any shelter at all. That makes them get the need to be in a place ,especially in harsh weather.in that regard ,they find refuge in short term places of residence ,which is at most times referred to as warming centers, which include so cial places such as special schools and churches.We also have some other kind of people who are rendered homeless and sheltered in places of refuge, due to social instability. Some aspects of culture may be too harsh, and this forces individuals to go to some places of refuge. Usually, these are centers that provide access to the basic needs and education. Many individuals get help from such places and end up being a better people, ending up in their own homes in...

Gender in Bram Stokers Dracula Essay - 2700 Words

Gender in Bram Stokers Dracula During the Victorian Era, women struggled to attain gender equality by challenging the traditional roles that defined them. These women no longer wanted to remain passive and obey the demands of their husbands nor be domestic and the caretakers of their children. They strived to attain the role of a New Woman, an intelligent, liberated individual who was able to openly express her ideas (Eltis 452). Whereas some women were successful in attaining this new role, others were still dominated by their male counterparts. The men felt threatened by the rising power of women and repressed them by not allowing them to work, giving them unnecessary medications, and diagnosing them with hysteria (Gilman†¦show more content†¦(Stoker 80). Lucy wants to be free from societal marriage constraints and pursue all the men; however, societal constraints decide that she can only be with one man, Arthur Holmwood. She writes to Mina, ?You and I, Mina dear, who are engaged and are going to settle down soon soberly in to old married women? (Stoker 78). Lucy follows the collective belief that marriage institutes settling down with one man. Whereas Lucy portrays the ?New Woman? with her sexual tendencies and flirtatiousness, Mina represents the ?New Woman? through her intelligence. She is an assistant schoolmistress, knows how to write in shorthand, and shows interest in learning how to use the phonograph, one of the new technologies of the time. She says, ?I shall try to do what I see lady journalists do: interviewing and writing descriptions and trying to remember conversations?with a little practice, one can remember all that goes on or that one hears said during one day? (Stoker 76). Mina is trying to learn a trade, and reverse the male ideology that only men can have jobs. Furthermore, like Lucy, Mina is also loyal to one man, Jonathan Harker. Mina wants to marry Jonathan and settle down. She writes to Lucy, When we are married I shall be able to be useful to Jonathan, and if I can stenograph well enough I can take down what he wants to say in this way and write it out for him on the typewriter (Stoker 75). In this example,Show MoreRelatedDracula, By Bram Stoker1291 Words   |  6 Pages ​Bram Stoker, author of Dracula, not only creates the early depiction of vampire stories; but writes more to contradict the age old beliefs of women and their role in society. Dracula is more that just a vampire story. There is a deeper level to this. A level in which it can incite change in the way one percieves women. There is a noition that all women were to be the same but Dracula refutes that. Vampire sexuality, as represented in Bram Stoker s Dracula, reveals itself as both a phenomenon thatRead MoreInverted Gender Roles: Dracula by Bram Stoker1465 Words   |  6 PagesThere’s a Hidden â€Å"Monster† in Everyone In Bram Stoker’s novel Dracula, Stoker’s use of inverted gender roles allows readers to grasp the sense of obscureness throughout, eventually leading to the reader’s realization that these characters are rather similar to the â€Å"monster† which they call Dracula. Despite being in the Victorian era, Stoker’s use of sexuality in the novel contributes to the reasoning of obscureness going against the Victorian morals and values. Throughout the novel the stereotypicalRead MoreFilm Review : Dracula By Bram Stoker Essay1743 Words   |  7 Pagesscenes, theme, time period, or even the overall story. After reading the gothic novel Dracula written by Bram Stoker in 1897, it is amazing how the storyline is similar to the 1931 horror film, Dracula directed by Browning, starring Bela Lugosi. However, they differ in many key characteristics confusing the audience. Although the Dracula novel and film are similar in many aspects, the filmmakers of the 1931 Dra cula give different roles to the main characters, exclude major sexual content, amplify theRead MoreDraculas Book Report Essays1276 Words   |  6 PagesBram Stoker Bram Stoker (1847-1912) is best known as the author of Dracula. Abraham Stoker was born in Clontarf, Ireland in 1847. He was a sickly child, bedridden for much of his boyhood. As a student at Trinity College, however, he excelled in athletics as well as academics, and graduated with honors in mathematics in 1870. He worked for ten years in the Irish Civil Service, and during this time contributed drama criticism to the Dublin Mail. Despite an active personal and professional life,Read MoreBram Stoker s Dracul Victorian Men And Women1455 Words   |  6 PagesKatherine Fulmer ENGL 3023 Dr. Lawrence 1 December 2015 Bram Stoker’s Dracula: Victorian Men and Women 1. Introduction Bram Stoker’s world famous novel Dracula, blurs the lines between Victorian ideal gender roles by using strong central female characters, such as, the three vampire sisters, Lucy and Mina, to express a powerful female sexuality challenging the Victorian notion of what makes a woman. The Victorian society placed women in a bubble of sexual purity and fragileness, making men the centralRead More Comparison of Dracula and Bram Stokers Dracula Essay1462 Words   |  6 PagesCompare/Contrast Dracula and Bram Stokers Dracula A noticeable difference in the way movies have changed over the years is evident when comparing and contrasting two films of different eras which belong to the same genre and contain the same subject matter. Two vampire movies, Dracula and Bram Stokers Dracula, present an interesting example of this type of study. Comparing the 1931 version of Dracula, starring Bela Lugosi, with Frances Ford Coppolas Bram Stokers Dracula 1993 version yieldsRead MoreEssay on Paternalism in Bram Stokers Dracula920 Words   |  4 PagesPaternalism in Bram Stokers Dracula      Ã‚   Paternalism is the domination of a society by a male or parental figure that leads or governs much like the way a father would direct his family.   In Victorian society, the idea of paternalism was prevalent.   The idea was also frequently used as a motif in western literature.   Bram Stokers novel Dracula, published in 1897, depicts a paternalistic society through a repression of the female sex and a continuous exaltation of the domineering maleRead MoreDracula Interpretation Of Literature1544 Words   |  7 Pagesof Bram Stoker’s Dracula, a constant power struggle between the moral and amoral. Stoker’s novel can frighten anyone from little kids to aged adults, but if you read it from a different perspective, his real message is revealed. His personal experiences coupled with the time period in which he lived influenced him to write Dracula; a story in which he communicated the universal truth that good always prevails over evil. The lives of people basically revolved around religion during Stoker’s timeRead MoreEssay about In Technologies of Monstrosity1430 Words   |  6 Pages Dracula: The Metaphor for Late Victorian-Crisis Jarae Comstock Reinhardt University This paper was prepared for IDS 306 for Dr. Little Dracula: The Metaphor for Late Victorian-Crisis Bram Stokers, Dracula, from the late-Victorian era, is one of the best stories of vampire folklore. Dracula was tall, dark, handsome, and mysterious with immense sexual character. His snow white teeth which outlined his rosy red lips made us fantasize of him and ultimately become obsessed. The overwhelmingRead MoreAre You A Fan Of The Supernatural? Do You Believe In Things1744 Words   |  7 Pagesto more glamorized characters with a sexy persona such as Edward from Twilight. Vlad III, prince of Wallachia, was an evil and sadistic dictator in the 15th century. Better known as Vlad the Impaler, he would become the real-life inspiration for Dracula, the most famous vampire in film. Although Vlad was not a blood-thirsty vampire, he was evil and dishonorable, and he killed thousands of people in his life. â€Å"To consolidate his power as voivode, Vlad needed to quell the incessant conflicts that had

The Elizabethan Era - 715 Words

The Elizabethan Era, which was named after Queen Elizabeth I, is often referred to as the Golden Age of England. It was a time of great change for England. It was a time of new ideas and new ways of thinking. William Shakespeare played an enormous role in the Elizabethan theatre; his unique writing style in â€Å"The Taming of The Shrew† influenced modern day literature. Queen Elizabeth played a huge role in the Elizabethan era (â€Å"Queen†). The reign of Queen Elizabeth I is referred to as The Golden Age (â€Å"Queen†). Elizabeth was the daughter of King Henry VIII and his second wife, Anne Boleyn (â€Å"Queen†). She was born on September seventh 1533 (â€Å"Queen†). During childhood it was clear that Elizabeth was gifted with knowledge, she spoke five fluent languages (â€Å"Queen†). Life continued on with more complications but on November seventeenth 1558 Elizabeth took the throne of England (â€Å"Queen†). Queen Elizabeth enjoyed watching playwrights. Watching plays was one of her many hobbies and she impacted plays heavily because she was a huge supporter. Social class was also greatly impacted during the Elizabethan time period. Commoners were the poor people who had to have the no high paying jobs, these commoners are the lowest of the social class. Noble people were the higher class or also called the wealthy these people were the people who had high paying jobs. One huge factor in this era was the reoccurring Black Plague. The Black Plague caused many deaths. This plague caused theatres to closeShow MoreRelatedThe Elizabethan Era1461 Words   |  6 PagesWay way back long ago there was a time period called â€Å"The Elizabethan era†. It was full of many wonderful things, such as fashion. They had a very particular fashion. The Elizabethan era was the Queen Elizabeth Is reign which was from 1558–1603. It took place in England. It is also known as the golden age. This also happened to be when Elizabethan Theatre began to grow and playwrights like Shakespeare composed many plays that changed the way of the old style theatre ways. Towards the end of QueenRead MoreThe During The Elizabethan Era Essay1080 Words   |  5 PagesThe Elizabethan theater became a central part of social life in Shakespeare’s time and was a form of entertainment that took people’s minds off the daily hardships during the Elizabethan era. The Elizabethan era is known for its English nationalism and advancements of arts during the English Renaissance. Because of this, the Elizabethan era is considered to be the height of the English Renaissance. England’s working class had a difficult life. Powerful lords owned and governed local districts thatRead MoreThe Elizabethan Era Of Europe1531 Words   |  7 PagesThe Elizabethan era also known as the Tudor period of Europe was an amazing time to be an artist in Europe There were so much culture and life that was created during that time. According to many historians, this time period was the Golden Age of Europe. The Elizabethan era took place between the years 1558-1608. As alluded to be the name of the period this was during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I. This Period also was full of Europe colonizing the world. One of Queen Elizabeth’s most famous ChartersRead MoreMedicine in The Elizabethan Era Essay928 Words   |  4 Pages Did you know there was a time where infectious diseases like the common cold could kill you and your family? This was the elizabethan era probably the last time where sickness became the â€Å"grimm reaper† before modern medical advancements. With infectious diseases spreading and killing so many people doctors became desperate. Because these doctors knew very little about medicine, they were completely willing to try experimental treatments on their patients (Alchin). Sadly just about anybody withRead MoreElizabethan Era Crime and Punishment728 Words   |  3 PagesIn the Elizabethan era, doing a crime was the worst mistake of all, depending on how big your crime was, people had to know that their lives were at risk. Every crime was big before, even â€Å"crimes of treason and offenses against the state were treated with that murder and rape today.†(Elizabethan Crime and Punishment) â€Å"Offenses such as manslaughter, robbery, rape, piracy and capital crimes enti tled one to hanging, usually in the town square.† (Elizabethan crime and Punishment) During Queen Elizabeth’sRead MoreThe Elizabethan Era in England Essay1588 Words   |  7 PagesThe Elizabethan Era is often referred to as the Golden Age of England (A Changing View...). The Elizabethan Era, named after Queen Elizabeth I, was a time of change and discovery (Elizabethan Superstitions). Elizabeth ruled in a time of religious turmoil; both the Catholics and Protestants fought to be the official religion of England. (Elizabethan World View). Many people throughout England struggled to find the â€Å"correct† religion (Elizabethan World View). Religion was changing and so did scienceRead MoreFashion During the Elizabethan Era Essay1243 Words   |  5 Pages Have you ever wondered what people in the Elizabethan Era wore? Fashion was just as important in those days as it is to some people today. What people were wearing mattered to others, and even the government. Du ring the Elizabethan Era clothing, accessories, and cosmetics were all a part of daily life. During the Elizabethan Era, there were a set of rules controlling which classes could wear which clothing called the Sumptuary Laws. The Sumptuary Laws controlled the colors and types of clothingRead MoreEssay on Clothes and Fashion of the Elizabethan Era1050 Words   |  5 PagesOf all aspects of Elizabethan culture, the most distinctive is probably the clothing and fashion. A lot of the clothing varied to whether they were a member of the nobility, upper class or the poor. But even if a women or man was wealthy or poor, they were not allowed to wear whatever they wanted. It was a highly fashioned age that prized a look that was artificial, elaborate, and striking. The style of clothing of the Elizabethan Era are easily recognizable today and popular with designers of historicRead MoreEssay on Elizabethan Era Music and Musician535 Words   |  3 PagesHow is Elizabethan Era music different from the music that we listen to during this period of time? The music during the Elizabeth an era is different from today’s music; For example the music during the Elizabethan era is very significant to them due to the fact that it was history being made. This paper will provide you with more information about the music during the Elizabethan era. In fact, Elizabethan tried to please people in the entertainment industry with different musicRead MorePerspectives Of Hamlet During The Elizabethan Era1604 Words   |  7 PagesPerspectives of Hamlet during the Elizabethan Era By: Aanshi Gandhi One of the many beautiful aspects of art is that it gets perceived in many unique ways depending on the viewer’s cultural, political and social views and standpoints. Literature experiences different interpretations all the time and authors use this to their advantage to create a piece of work which remains evergreen. Shakespeare evidently utilises this technique in his most intriguing, and fascinating literary piece, Hamlet. Stuck

Coursework Construction Contract Law

Question: Discuss about the Coursework Construction Contract Law. Answer: Discussion Every transaction and contracts entered into by people in the UK has to abide by Contract Law as well as Law of Tort[1]. The report deals with the case analysis of Quashquell Construction Limited (QQ) which is a UK registered property developer based in Manchester. Its primary focus is on brownfield development which develops retails parks in various reclaimed lands in cities of UK. With the BREXIT referendum coming into being the company has declined in its business significantly. With losses in its business, the company decided to sell-off its three storey office building in Salford and move to Hull. The company new projects are located in Hull hence it is profitable for the company to relocate to that office, in an old Victorian building. Since the building was very old it needed certain refurbishment works to the tune of GBP 50000. Retro Salvagers Ltd (RSL) was responsible for carrying out all works in the said premises and complete it within 25 February 2016. This would let QQ f ulfill its contractual agreement to its buyers, the contract further stated a deduction of 4.5% from contract price with loss in each day delayed. QQ further entered into contractual agreement with Dapar Heating Systems (DHS) for purchasing and installing heating systems in the premises[2]. The contract entered into provided that DHS complete the installation prior to 25 February 2016, delay in which DHS needed to pay GBP 1200. RSL failed to deliver the promised within date due and QQ had to move into nearby hotels conference hall for its operations for ten days. This led to severe expenditures for the company and also overriding Contract Law and Tort Law[3]. Further RSL failed to install heating systems and after installation there was three weeks of malfunctioning. The heating system upon examination exploded causing injury to Sally and Sean, employees of QQ. Thus, the above scenario has been analyzed on contractual and tort-related issues. QQ, Sally, Sean and Amy have been provided justification for their legal claims that they can make from the following situation. Quashquell Construction Limited (QQ) is a reputed brand name in the UK with multiple construction and any issues that it faces in regards to its business will be a threat to its current existence[4]. The report discusses the case of QQ by applying and analyzing Contract Law and Law of Tort based on Law of UK and Scotland. The analysis has been developed using examples from multiple case studies. In order to analyze this case study Law of Contract and Law of Tort of UK has been analyzed. The bases of Contract Act are its basic elements which are required for its formation. An offer, acceptance, legality of terms, legality of object, explicit or implied are some of the basic criterias that are required for the purpose of contract formation. Law of Tort on the other hand expresses legality of objects and ensures that no harm has been caused in the course of the contract. It is applicable on a wrong doing which needs to be established. The Contract Law in the UK provides for that every person, meaning individual for businesses who has entered into a contract needs to follow its regulations regarding the same. The formation of a contract requires that all elements of the law are satisfied. When QQ entered into a contract with RSL and DHS on making subsequent offers to them[5]. The offer was accepted by the parties with all its terms and conditions, which led into the formation of the contract. Once formed the contract becomes legally enforceable and needs to be fulfilled with all intentions as the offer was made on legal terms. But RSL failed to fulfill its commitments by not delivering the premises as promised. The company had met the three basic essentials for contract creation as agreement, consideration and contractual intention. But the company failed to meet the three basic essentials that validate a contract. Every contract has certain aspects of Express terms and Implied terms which parties entering the contract set in their agreement. In this contract entered into agreement is recorded for expressing terms of the contract. It was clearly stated upon payment that it needed to be completed by 25 February 2016. As already the company had suffered losses from BREXIT it was necessary for it to meet the requirements it had specified to its customers. This would ensure better brand name and value for the company and ensured more business[6]. Even if the contract provided for deduction of amount in case the requirements did not meet. But unable to meet the deadline for the contract has caused loss to business, brand name and expenditure while staying at the hotel premises as well[7]. The Law of Tort can also be applied on the company as the company has defied meeting its promises. In the Law of Tort in the UK bodies need to apply rights, obligations and remedies for business or plaintiff who has suffered harm due to the wrongful act of RSL[8]. The Law of Tort provides that parties need to provide remedy in case of negligence caused from Duty of Care, Breach of the Duty, Causation and in case of Damage or injury. Duty of Care: In tort law, QQ can claim significant damage from RSL and it is a legal duty of the company to pay them the losses. As the obligation under this duty is enforceable it requires RSL to comply with certain standards that could prevent or reverse the effect of harm. While staying at the hotel QQ had incurred several expenditures[9]. Also as communicated by RSL the company had left its previous property o come and stay at the current location which it could not stay according to the due date promised. Breach of Duty: RSL also after entering into the contract failed to meet its obligation which resulted in Breach of Duty. Economic Tort: This is a pure case of Economic Tort as QQ has incurred loss economic loss significantly. The business with severe loss of business and failing to move into the new location has resulted in this tort. In Spartan Steel Alloys Ltd v Martin Co case there was significant economic loss for which the plaintiff claimed for losses[10]. RSL needs to provide remedial actions in economic terms that QQ can significantly claim. A damage is the loss that has occurred from the tort and needs to be catered to and compensated for. While claiming for any sort of compensation it can either be nominal, contemptuous, general, special, aggravated damages and exemplary or punitive damages[11]. The company can claim for Special Damages by providing for the suffered losses. QQ will provide documents from necessary hotel bills and other documents to claim of many significant losses. The company has entered into contract with QQ for installing the heating systems within the said deadline. The company has also agreed to pay a sum of GBP 1200 for compensating any loss in delayed completion. Hence, as both the parties have entered into the contract for the purpose they needed to abide by its terms and basic elements[12]. The heating systems also focused on efficient systems but there were no expressed provision to provide for energy efficiency. The term of the contract was implied which also needed to be followed as the company had provided assurance regarding the same. Though QQ had made necessary payments in order to get services provided by the companys heating system but it failed miserably. QQ also had to install mobile heaters for the purpose of heating while they moved into their new office. While DHS assured that its heating systems will stabilize it did not. Purely the company after agreement failed to meet the requirements of the contract leading to its fa ilure[13]. Law of Tort is applicable to this case as there has been significant amount of harm caused by installation of the heating systems. As the law provides for rights, obligations, remedies which can be applied in courts proceeding for any harm caused. The plaintiff here QQ has suffered harm due to significant wrongful act of the heating company[14]. QQ can claim for damages in civil court of law. This law of tort is applicable even of the parties to the contract does not desire so. This law is abiding on the individuals and business; and is imposed by the state. As it is applicable by the state the compensation can be claimed for remedial actions. In this case DHs can be accused of civil as well as criminal wrong doing. such wrong doings can be claimed for negligence, defamation or nuisance. In Mc Farlane v E.E. Caledonia case established that fear was reasonable cause providing for wrong doing. The case encompass a number of instances that covers economic, physical and psychiatric damag e claims made by the contracting parties[15]. DHS sales representatives had made high promises to ensure best quality of products delivered to QQ. On the expressed as well as implied terms of contract provided by DHS, QQ entered into a contract. DHS though assured installing the best heating system initially it malfunctioned. Here at this juncture itself, the company should have conducted an expert analysis on its heating systems. DHS can be further be held responsible that even after weeks of malfunctioning of its heating systems it failed to accommodate an experts opinion to assure QQ as promised. QQ on questioning the issues with the heating system was further assured by DHS as it will stabilize after a while. It was QQ who conducted an expert analysis post it analyzed some anomaly in the system. QQ was hesitant regarding the newly installed systems malfunctioning and hence wanted an investigation into the same. DHs holds legal responsibility for every system it installs and prov ides to its customers. Tortuous liability provides to give compensation, indemnity or restitution for harm caused. In this case QQ along with its employees has suffered unwanted harm due to physical injury, financial loss, reputation and damage of property. In case of Duliev v White Sons Kennedy J. proved that shock arising from is reasonable fear that has been caused due to busting of heating systems in QQ[16]. This is reason enough for claiming tort. Cattles v Stockton Waterworks Co case also provided for various economic losses that can arise from Law of Tort[17]. Similarly, in this case the plaintiffs have established that any claims regarding tort needs to be settled. In order to heat the office at the said premises QQ had to hire four mobile heaters at GBP 100 each day which caused significant economic loss to the company. Inspite of the knowledge of DHS that the building was old, cold and damp them did not fit the new systems in the building[18]. The newly installed heating system further malfunctioned; three weeks post its installation. Though DHS assured that they provided the best quality heating systems they malfunctioned[19]. DHS system further assured that their heating system will stabilize after installation. In this DHS has tort of negligence which has caused harm to multiple individuals. QQ had appointed an independent expert for evaluating the heating systems installed such that assessment could be done[20]. The independent expert upon examining the system it exploded causing harm to Sally, Sean and Amy who were employees at QQ. There was also injury from slippery stairs resulting in dislocated ankle. Experts stated that this was a fault with the installation of DHS. DHS has installed a low end energy efficiency heating system and explosion was due to gas leak from the system[21]. DHS sales representative had stated that the heating systems installed by them is one of the best available in the market. He also assured verbal regarding the energy efficiency of such systems, further he impressed the employees of QQ stating that they will recover the installation costs within two years of installation. Such verbal statement of the sales representative is an implied contract and can be used in the civil court of law to challenge the company. In Contract law terms and arrangements can be either verbal or non-verbal and it can be included while forming a viable case against the company. QQ on this stated terms had agreed to install DHS heating systems compared to other available in the market, hence DHS bears considerable responsibility regarding the same. Though the energy efficiency was not a part of the contract yet it had been verbally stated hence can be accounted as implied in nature. In this case DHS systems have avoided its Duty of Care and owe legal duty to the victims of the incidence. The defendant has obligation of duty which is legally enforceable and has avoided standards of working. The company has also had, Breach of Duty which it had from its basic business principles. The company has legal liability to install systems that do not cause potential harm or damage to any individual either physical or psychiatric in nature. It caused emotional distress and monetary loss of the company as well as its employees due to negligence[22]. The report conducted by QQ in regards to it heating systems by independent experts should be further be admissible in the court of law. DHS had its engineers and experts occupied in certain other contracts and in order to meet the deadline this contract with QQ had been done in a pressurized manner. It can be argued that they did not use their best engineers to install the systems and did not appoint any expert to check the system. It is not the responsibility of QQ to appoint independent experts in order to check for validity and stability of systems. In case QQ had not conducted an independent search regarding the matter it could have resulted in much higher disaster. Explosion of the sort that was experienced could have easily be avoided and harm could be circumvented in case DHS would had conducted a check on the systems. The gas leak which was diagnosed by expert prior to the explosion should have been told to the QQ employees such that they would have been more careful. The exp erts delay in report can also be attributed significant responsibility as his creating awareness regarding the system problems could have helped avoid accidents. The company can be filed for Tort of Negligence as it has succumbed to its Duty of Care, Breach and caused damage or injury to its victims. The plaintiff can claim for such damages from DHS and prove them to be special damages[23]. Though QQ cannot claim costs for additional heaters from DHS in case of any legal developments (LD) amongst the parties. In this case DHS needs to cover for any delay in claims or installation in the heating systems of the company. QQ can claim for the explosion that has been caused due to improper installation of heating systems. Such claims for damages can be done under Law of Torts itself that provides for settling harm or accidents in case of a contract law. Amy, Sally and Sean had been a part of the accident that took place and without their faults they succumbed to injuries. With the explosion of the heating system they being present in the room, had been injured and they can claim significant damages from QQ. QQ holds responsibility for the health and wellness of its employees and is also responsible for any accidents or harm occurring in the workplace due to accidents or whatsoever. It is the legal responsibility of employers for protection of health and wellness of employees. Hence in case the employees makes claim against QQ, it has to pay to them. Claims made by Amy, Sally and Sean for any losses from bursting of the heating system could not be claimed from DHS. QQ holds the responsibility for health and all accidents caused to its employees within the premises of employment. It is the responsibility of QQ to ensure that its employees do not receive any harm for the acts or doings within the premises of the company. The way in whi ch QQ will settle the claims made to its employees is a matter for QQ and it can do so from DHS with legitimate reasons. However, such claims cannot be directly impended upon to DHS by QQ. QQ can make a claim adding all relevant costs it deems significant and then provide it in the courts of law. An alternative argument to the said cases can be provided that QQ while shifting its office premises needed to verify all details pertaining to the businesses which it employs[24]. In regards to RSL the loss incurred by the company was significantly low and was economic in nature. In case QQ had formed the contract with all relevant clause and aspects covered then it probably would not have had incurred any issues. Further in case of DHS upon its delay and findings improper installation QQ had cancelled its contract then probably significant low losses to the company would have occurred. Another argument is that DHS and RSL tried their best and provided best services but due to certain errors in systems and human delay they work was delayed. Hence, QQ needed to provide them buffer time for covering of such aspects and need not claim any amount for such losses[25]. Analysis of the case for QQ and its subsequent contracting companies has highlighted inability to meet the terms of the contract. Both the companies have also violated terms of Law of Tort by harming QQ in terms of economic loss and physical as well as psychiatric damage. QQ can claim such damages in civil courts, which in turn can establish the damages cause by the companies and economic losses incurred. The plaintiff has all rights related to contractual and tort-related issues that have been suffered in the case. Also due to physical damages caused to QQ, Sean and Amy hence they have legal claim towards DHS for their losses. Apart from financial and economic loss, the plaintiff has also suffered high amount of physical and psychiatric damage which needs to be indemnified. Thus, alternative argument for the above cases holds that QQ should have verified each company details and then entered into contract terms with all details clearly and explicitly lay down. It can be argued that QQ entered the contract and abided by its terms by paying the sum on good faith without questionable arguments. QQ has suffered tremendous losses due to appointment of RSL as well as DHS for its various requirements. Especially DHS has harmed QQ expressively by ignoring its responsibility and not adhering to legal standards. It had also clearly specified its requisites the liability lays solely on the firms it had entered into for formation of the contract which failed to meet its standards. Thus, the contracting parties can be held legally responsible and binding for the terms of the contract as well as law of torts. Bibliography Book Chen-Wishart, Mindy.Contract law. Oxford University Press, 2012. Cooke, John.Law of tort. Pearson Education, 2007. Deakin, Simon F., Angus Johnston, and Basil S. Markesinis.Markesinis and Deakin's tort law. Oxford University Press, 2012. Fried, Charles.Contract as promise: A theory of contractual obligation. Oxford University Press, USA, 2015. McKendrick, Ewan.Contract law: text, cases, and materials. Oxford University Press (UK), 2014. Polinsky, A. Mitchell, and Steven Shavell, eds.Handbook of law and economics. Elsevier, 2007. Veljanovski, Cento G.Economic principles of law. Cambridge University Press, 2007. Journals Beale, Hugh, Denis Tallon, Stefan Vogenauer, Jacobien W. Rutgers, and Bndicte Fauvarque-Cosson.Cases, materials and text on contract law. Hart, 2010. Elliott, Catherine, and Frances Quinn.Contract law. Pearson Education, 2007. Koffman, Laurence, and Elizabeth Macdonald.The law of contract. Oxford University Press, 2010. Friedman, Lawrence M.Contract law in America: a social and economic case study. Quid Pro Books, 2011. Koffman, Laurence, and Elizabeth Macdonald. The law of contract. Oxford University Press, 2010. Harvey, William Burnett, and Stanley D. Henderson. Contracts: Cases and Comment. Foundation Press, 2008. Li-ming, W. A. N. G. "Certain Issues in Enacting Tort Law."Contemporary Law Review5 (2008): 001. Veljanovski, Cento G. "Economic principles of law. ." Cambridge University Press, 2007. Cases Ayres, Ian.Studies in Contract Law. Foundation Press, 2012. Cartwright, John.Contract law: An introduction to the English law of contract for the civil lawyer. Bloomsbury Publishing, 2016. Dobbs, Dan B., Paul T. Hayden, and Ellen M. Bublick.Torts and compensation: Personal accountability and social responsibility for injury. West Academic, 2009. Graziano, Kadner. "Comparative Contract Law-Cases, Materials and Exercises." (2009). Henderson, James A.The torts process. Aspen Publishers, 2007. Hogg, Martin.Promises and Contract Law: comparative perspectives. Cambridge University Press, 2011. Lunney, Mark, and Ken Oliphant.Tort law: text and materials. Oxford University Press, 2008. Poole, Jill.Casebook on contract law. Oxford University Press, 2012. Samuel, Geoffrey.Contract law: cases and materials. Sweet Maxwell, 2007. Schwartz, Victor E., Kathryn Kelly, and David F. Partlett.Prosser, Wade and Schwartz's Torts: Cases and Materials. Foundation Press, 2010. Steele, Jenny.Tort Law: Text, cases, and materials. Oxford University Press, 2010.

Ray Bradburys Fahrenheit 451 Essay Example

Ray Bradburys Fahrenheit 451 Paper Roughly 55 countries in our world today are oppressed or without rights, such as freedom of press, freedom of speech, and equality. Several of these rights are taken away in Ray Bradbury’s book Fahrenheit 451. In this book the citizens voted that books should be banned, so the government took action and banned them. Replacing firemans jobs with saving people and putting out fires to starting them so all books would be rid of. Guy Montag one of these fireman loves his job, but on a particular job, he changes, when the arrive they find hundreds of books. When the owner of these books is asked to leave, she won’t and dies with her books. This horrifies and intrigues Guy, we begins to wonder why she did this. He meets Faber, a former english teacher before the books were banned, he finds his answer. With Faber, Guy makes many plans on how they should bring books back. But all fail in the end as a man hunt is sent out for Guy, and he is forced to leave the city. In Fahrenhei t 451, Ray Bradbury uses dystopian characteristics to demonstrate how an overabundance of technology results in a breaking down of society. The use of the distracted citizens characteristic of dystopian books was used by Ray Bradbury through the setting of an abundance of television. Televisions are very important to this characteristic in that they provide us so much information and are such an easy way to get distracted. They are also a very easy form of technology to control. In the book this is shown by Christ is one of the ‘family’ now. I often wonder if God recognizes his own son the way weve dressed him up, or is it dressed him down? Hes a regular peppermint stick now, all sugar-crystal and saccharine when he isnt making veiled references to certain commercial products that every worshipper absolutely needs (Bradbury 77). In the quote Bradbury explains how with televisions people can take anything from society and remaster it so that no one truly reco We will write a custom essay sample on Ray Bradburys Fahrenheit 451 specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Ray Bradburys Fahrenheit 451 specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Ray Bradburys Fahrenheit 451 specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

letter to teacher essays

letter to teacher essays My name is Brenda Gonzalez and I am currently enrolled in your English 1301 class. For starters, I am 19yrs old and of Mexican Heritage. I have been enrolled in HCC for approximately 4 semesters now, and the one class I can't seem to feel satisfied with is my English 1301 class. If it's not one thing, it's another, but that is beside the point. My major is in Biology and I plan to attend the University of Houston-Central this fall semester. I have big plans for my future, and medicine is definitely in them! I hope that by the time I graduate a bachelor in science, medical schools are just waiting to pick me up! My goal is to complete this course, finally, and with a big, fat "A"! .... A bit off the subject, but you remind me so much of Meg Ryan! Not necessarily her funny attitude, but very much in the appearance, and I hope that isn't insulting? However, back to what I was talking about...I graduated in '98 from Reagan Sr. High. I was in the magnet program there for compute r science, but have very little interest in computers, other than for Internet purposes-which weren't even touched on in our program! I do come from a large family of six children, with only one brother, and he's a special casehaha! Just kidding. I think we are all special cases in our own unique, positive ways. I find myself to be a very open, outgoing young lady. I love to think up new ideas, and get lots of pleasure out of putting them to work. I know I am bound for greatness. I just need to stop being sidetracked. I do live away from home, and am very much so the head of my household (in case the Census would like to knowJ). One thing I have found to be true about myself is my passion for talking, with depth of course. I love to converse with others, I mean, how else are we going to expand our minds. We have to hear about what is out there waiting to be seen by our eyes, heard with our ears, and felt with our hands! ...

Business Plan

Business Plan Essay 1. 0 Executive SummaryThere are 3 major elements that helped incubate the idea behind Crowdz.com. The first element would be individuals, the average Joe on the street. The second, organizations that cater solely to entertainment more specifically, Clubs. Third the banning of cigarette companies from advertising direct nor indirectly in Malaysia. Crowdz.com has its total idea, image, and vision to thank for by the presences of individuals, specific age group 18 35 years old, with no idea as to where to party for the weekend or any other day for that matter. A group of four guys were sitting down at a cafe down town at Bangsar. Then the question came, Where shall we party tonight? There were silence for the next 10 minutes, serious brainstorming was at work. However none had a clue as to where to go. Hence ending up in a lousy joint where they had partied last week. Spending at a place, which cannot really give the satisfaction that, they were really looking for. Now, this is a true story. Clubbers, partygoers in general dont really know where to go for a good night out. Its boring to be venturing the same old place. There is not much advertisement for new and up coming clubs, even if there is, it doesnt really hit the market that well, as due to lack of funds to be splurged on advertising. The advertising would be minimal and hence not create a big BANG so to speak to the masses. A few questions had been thrown in for the idea behind Crowdz.com. Questions pertaining to Clubs:1)In what ways can small middle and even large scale clubs able to advertise with minimal cost?2)Why cut each other and try to slash prices of drinks with minimal effect to the masses? 3)Why dont clubs have a sense of belonging? E.g. A club that individually caters to playing House Music or Electronic Trance or Rave or Hip Hop RB or Latin Music? 4)How is a club suppose to capture a large group of audience for a certain event or special theme party? Questions pertaining to Clubbers:1)Where should I club tonight?2)Where are there promotions for drinks? / Where can I get a mug of beer for the cheapest price possible?3)Where can I go that solely plays House Music or Electronic Trance or Rave or Hip Hop RB or Latin Music? 4)Are there any theme parties for tonight? Any special events that would be different from normal clubbing nights for me to go to?Questions pertaining to Banning of Advertising for Cigarette Companies:1)How can the money that is supposed to be spent to advertising now be used?2)How cigarette companies are suppose to comply with the law and still have the luxury of advertising their product? 1. 1 ObjectivesCrowdz.com will totally change the way clubbers lead a lifestyle. Crowdz.com is not so much of an information-based site where by individuals will be able to get information on clubs. Its going to be a lifestyle that clubbers abide to. Its going to be the bible for the average Joe on the street that is out for a good time. Its a who le new lifestyle that will help give a guideline to occasional clubbers and hardcore clubbers. It is a meeting point, a melting pot, a union that will bind clubbers together to achieve a common goal, entertainment to its fullest! Crowdz.com will also revolutionize the way nightlife advertising is done. It will be able to help clubs segment the market, plan out parties and themes that will cater solely for optimum profits. Instead of clubs fighting each other to niche a small market, Crowdz.com will help coordinate each club individually so that it will not be jumping into a market segment that is already so saturated. For example, if there are too many clubs that identifies itself with Hip Hop music, Crowdz.com will be able to advise a new club to diversify into for example Latin Music, where there is a demand but not much supply in the market. Crowdz.com will be able to provide low advertising prices to clubs, with maximum impact to the target audience, via the internet. A website with the correct advertising and promotions

International Business Marketing Case Analysi Essay

International Business Marketing Case Analysi - Essay Example The company is headed by David Glass and Don Soderquist who are concerned about company’s performance and its adverse impact on the stock value and some other challenges faced by the corporation such as labor unions, discrimination and cost controversies. Wal-Mart’s major competitors are Kmart, Sears and most importantly Target which is also a firmly established company in the United States with around 1500 stores in 47 States.. Wal-Mart has always stayed ahead of the market through its heavy investment in technology and through its diversification of products which has improved the efficiency and effectiveness of work. Its strengths outweighs its weaknesses and there are a lot of opportunities for the company to grow further. In order to regain its stock performance the company has to re evaluate its strategies and come up with an effective plan. Gain public support and invest in public relations, resolve the discontent and clear misunderstandings among the consumers related to work and the reputation of the company. The company should increase their customer base by changing their store formats by focusing on demographics. Keep the employee morale high and continue with the Sam Walton’s policies and style of leadership. Wal-Mart is the world’s largest public corporation and the leading business enterprise and grocery retailer in the United States till this day. Its head quarters are based in Bentonville, Arkansas. It has gained phenomenal success in the retailing business since the year 1962 when it was founded by Sam Walton, the man behind the success of this brand. It was Sam’s capability and leadership qualities that he laid the foundation of Wal-Mart so strong that his practices and values are being followed even today by the team of Wal-Mart headed by David Glass and Don Soderquist, the CEO and the COO who have been successful in living up to the expectations of Walton by bringing tremendous success to the corporation in the form of

Auditory Hallucination in Schizophrenic Illness Essay - 1

Auditory Hallucination in Schizophrenic Illness - Essay Example Paranoid thinking or psychotic symptoms which are symptoms of schizophrenia could also be experienced with high levels of dopamine in the brain. When the brain recognizes that there is excessive dopamine, symptoms which are schizophrenic appear. Schizophrenic patients also have more dopamine receptors than people without it (Barkus et al., 2007). Glutamate is also associated with schizophrenia. It has a major role in the forming and encoding of memory. It is also thought to have a function in learning. When glutamate receptors are blocked for instance when one takes PCP, there is reported paranoia that is also a symptom of schizophrenia. Schizophrenic patients have been found to possess lower levels of glutamate compared to normal people. The two neurotransmitters interaction is said to be at the core of schizophrenia since the production of many dopamine receptors affects the glutamate receptors by blocking them and thus reducing their action (Spencer et al., 2009). The dopamine hypothesis is generally the best explanation for the cause of schizophrenia at the neurotransmitter level. It is the most etiologic theory in psychotherapy. Its proposal that certain pathways of dopamine are overactive in schizophrenia could be true because when one takes drugs that increase dopamine, they induce positive symptoms but when the drugs that block its receptors are taken they reduce the positive symptoms. In other words, the experiences and behaviors associated with schizophrenia could be fully made clear by the transformations of dopamine function in the brain (Ven, 2006). Auditory hallucinations could be said to be a false perception of sound or experiencing internal voices and noises that do not originate from the external world and are seen to be separate from the normal brain processes.  

The Importance of Women Soldiers in the Civil War Essay -- women involv

Women have been fighting in wars since the late eighteen-hundreds even though until around WWI they were not permitted to serve. Originally women involved in battle had few jobs such as becoming nurses, spies, etc. while the men fought for days on end. What would happen if the two worlds collided? Women would cross-dress to fight alongside the men. This was common along the war front as women wanted to accompany their husbands or other family in battle, and some wanted to be patriotic and serve for their country. These women put their lives on the line and played the part of a comrade in war, and people believed them until they were discovered and sometimes sent back home. Although women had small roles as nurses, those who took on the important role of secretly becoming soldiers in battle ultimately changed women’s roles in society. The decision to cross-dress wasn’t very easy for many women who joined the army, however for some they felt it was absolutely necessary. As a child, Sara Emma Edmonds received a book about a woman who dressed as a male pirate in the American Revolution. Soon Edmonds had found a hero in this character and later stated in her memoirs that â€Å"when [she] read where ‘Fanny’ cut off her brown hair and donned the blue jacket and stepped into the freedom and glorious independence of masculinity, [she] threw up [her] old straw hat and shouted.†(Tsui 7). She had been inspired from an early age and escaped to masculinity when she was fifteen with the help of her mother. From there she joined the Union army as Franklin Thompson and fought as she had intended. Another factor that influenced women and their decision to join the army was their husbands or other male family members. Loreta Janeta Valazquez succumbed to... ...Civil War. Guilford, CT: TwoDot, 2003. 23-35. Print. Tsui, Bonnie. "Sarah Emma Edmonds." She Went to the Field: Women Soldiers of the Civil War. Guilford, CT: TwoDot, 2003. 7-22. Print. "Women's Changing Roles during the Civil War." The Herald-Mail. N.p., 16 Sept. 2002. Web. 06 Mar. 2014. Wakeman, Sarah Rosetta. "July, 1863-December, 1863." An Uncommon Soldier: The Civil War Letters of Sarah Rosetta Wakeman, Alias Private Lyons Wakeman, 153rd Regiment, New York State Volunteers. Ed. Lauren M. Cook. Pasadena, MD: Minerva Center, 1994. 41-42. Print. Blanton, DeAnne, and Lauren M. Cook. "Means and Motivations." They Fought like Demons: Women Soldiers in the American Civil War. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State UP, 2002. 27-30. Print. "GENERAL SAMANTHA LEE A Tiger's Heart." General Samantha Lee. N.p., n.d. Web. 07 Mar. 2014. .

Face Recognition Technology Essay

Facial recognition technology refers to a computer driven application that automatically identifies an individual from his or her digital image by a comparison of particular facial features in a facial database and in a live image (Vacca, 2007: 95).   The technology creates a template of people’s facial configurations, such as the lengths of their noses, and the angles of their jaws.   It thereby functions like the other biometric technologies (e.g. iris scanning) that use biological features for the purposes of recognition. According to Visionics, a manufacturer of face recognition technology, the technology is capable of finding human faces â€Å"anywhere in the field of view and at any distance, and it can continuously track them and crop them out of the scene, matching the face against a watch list (Kautzer, 2002).† Undoubtedly, these features of face recognition technology make it an attractive option for law enforcement agencies – always trying to catch criminals and keep an eye on suspects.   But, is there more to face recognition technology than meets the eye? Description and Uses of Facial Recognition Technology It is natural brain technology that allows humans to recognize fellow human beings.   According to Bruce & Young (1986) there are â€Å"face recognition units† in the brains of human beings (361).   Face recognition involves matching â€Å"the products of structural encoding,† that is, facial features that are spotted by the eye with â€Å"previously stored structural codes (Bruce & Young: 361).†Ã‚   Vacca writes that there are three areas of the face that are â€Å"primary targets† in face recognition because they do not typically change (95). These parts of the face include upper sections of a person’s eye sockets, the part of the face surrounding one’s cheekbones, and the sides of the human mouth.   Regardless of whether the human brain also considers these parts of the face most crucial to facial recognition, Vacca explains three different techniques used in man-made face recognition technology, namely, eigenface systems, eigenfeature systems, and thermal imaging.   Eigenface image systems capture facial images and change them to â€Å"light and dark areas (Vacca: 95).† In eigenfeature systems, certain features of the face, for example, the eyes and the mouth, are picked out and distances are measured between these features.   Thermal imaging systems, on the other hand, take thermal images of the human face, focusing on the pattern of blood vessels (Vacca). Even though iris scanning and other kinds of biometric technologies are known to be far more accurate than face recognition technology, it is believed that the latter would be more widely accepted because it is least intrusive.   This technology does not require users to push, click, or insert anything into the system, despite the fact that it takes many experts to create eigenface, eigenfeature or thermal imaging systems.   Moreover, companies using the face recognition technology do not require the installation of anything except a new software application. The cameras already in place as well as pictures of their employees on file are enough for companies that use this technology.   Hence, face recognition technology is cheaper for organizations than iris scanning, for instance, which requires reading setups.   According to Frances Zelazney, who works as the director of corporate communication at Visionics – a leading developer of biometrics – yet another advantage of facial recognition technology as compared to other biometric technologies is that â€Å"facial recognition provides for inherent human backup because we naturally recognize one another†¦ If the system goes down, someone can pull out an ID with a picture as backup, something you can’t do with fingerprint devices (Rutherford, 2001).† Unsurprisingly, facial recognition technology is known as the fastest growing biometric technology in our day.   Law enforcement agencies and the military have been successfully using the technology for many years without the public being aware of it.   In the year 1988, the Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department (Lakewood Division) began using composite sketches of suspects, as well as video images, in order to conduct searches on a database of digital facial shots. The department also has a photo database of sex offenders and plans to find suspects on this database.   Then there is the Gang Reporting Evaluation Tracking system that can be searched with the use of photos of suspects in order for law enforcement to circumvent false identification cards as well as information that has been presented by gang members (Jarvis). Other applications of face recognition technology in the area of criminal investigation include the Integrated Law Enforcement Face-Identification System which incorporates a unique three dimensional composite technology to identify angled-view face shots more easily.   The system is meant to be very helpful in the correct identification of uncooperative suspects in addition to subjects that have been caught from a distance using video surveillance cameras. Furthermore, Britain is known to use at least two hundred thousand video cameras for surveillance.   Many of these cameras are being installed with the facial recognition technology today.   Typically these systems use computers to monitor cameras that are looking for recognized criminals.   As soon as the system is seen to identify a known criminal, the police are called (Jarvis). There are numerous United States embassies around the world that are already using the face recognition technology to keep criminals from entering the country.   The Israel-Palestine border control is similarly using the technology to reduce crime across the border (Jarvis). IQ Biometrix, established in 2001, was a company providing help to thousands of law enforcement agencies around the world with the FACES â„ ¢, a groundbreaking software tool allowing users to create and recreate billions of face shots, as well as encode, catalogue and transmit them.   The technology incorporated a facial composite tool that the FBI and the CIA also used.   The United States Department of Defense, the U.S. Navy, and various local as well as state police agencies had similarly opted for this groundbreaking system of facial recognition (â€Å"IQ Biometrix,† 2004). Given the importance of putting a name to a face in law enforcement, whether it is to solve crimes, protect the public, or to ensure security in jails, face recognition technology is proving itself to be of tremendous value.   Sheriff Everett Rice with the Pinellas County Sheriff’s Office in Florida employs the Viisage face recognition technology to â€Å"positively identify and verify individuals (â€Å"Facial Recognition in Action,† 2007).†Ã‚   Some of these individuals have been recently arrested while others are about to be released.   The face recognition technology is also of use with people that visit the courthouse.   So far, application of the technology has been successful, and users of the technology believe that it would have a greater impact on crime control in the years to come (â€Å"Facial Recognition in Action†).   The following is a detailed account of the case being considered: Over time, the Pinellas County Sheriff’s Office, like other law enforcement agencies, found itself faced with cumbersome booking, release and criminal investigation processes.   A prominent problem was a lack of timely information, which often allowed suspects to get away with providing false identification, hampering law enforcement or sidetracking investigations.   However the sheriff’s office found facial recognition to be an invaluable tool in providing quick and accurate identity information.   Facial recognition technology has allowed the sheriff’s office to quickly access important identity information and retrieve records, thus allowing officers to correctly identify even uncooperative suspects and to conduct more efficient investigations. In 2000, the Pinellas County Sheriff’s Office received a grant from the Office of Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS) at the U.S. Department of Justice.   The goal of the funding was to demonstrate the use of facial recognition technology for Florida law enforcement. Under the leadership of Lt. James Main acting as project director, the sheriff’s office decided to look beyond the traditional investigative uses of face recognition and to focus on how the quick, non-intrusive technology could be used to enhance operations at the jail. By initially focusing on the booking facility where mugshot images are collected, Main believed he could create processing efficiencies by using the existing images to build a facial recognition database.   The database would then serve as the foundation for identity solutions within Pinellas County, and throughout the state (â€Å"Facial Recognition in Action†). Application of face recognition technology by the Pinellas County Sheriff’s Office is a model for other agencies involved in criminal investigation.   The Pinellas County Sheriff’s Office has applied the new technology in other ways as well.   As an example, the Sheriff’s Office has expanded use of the technology to its patrol cars to allow street deputies to identify those individuals that have been stopped and are unable to produce identification.   There are workstations in the Pinellas Country where investigators may use face recognition technology to compare images that have been acquired in investigations. This system allows for search of at least two million images within ten seconds.   What is more, this browser based system is available in the cars of deputies that patrol the streets of the Pinellas County (â€Å"Facial Recognition in Action†).   Report on the use of face recognition technology for law enforcement in the Pinellas County continues thus: As envisioned by the Department of Justice grant, the Pinellas County Sheriff’s Office has partnered with other state and local agencies in Florida to maximize the effectiveness of the system.   Agencies participating in the project include the Florida Department of Corrections, the Florida Department of Law Enforcement (FDLE), seven Florida Regional Terrorism Task Forces, the Hillsborough County Sheriff’s Office, the Orange County Sheriff’s Office and Miami-Dade, Broward, Leon and Duval counties.

Was Abraham Lincoln Really a Wrestler

Abraham Lincoln is revered for his political skills and his abilities as a writer and public speaker. Yet he also was respected for physical feats, such as his early skill wielding an ax. And when he began to rise in politics in the late 1850s, stories circulated that Lincoln had been a very capable wrestler in his youth. Following his death, the wrestling stories continued to circulate. Whats the truth? Was Abraham Lincoln really a wrestler? The answer is yes.   Lincoln was known for being a very good wrestler in his youth in New Salem, Illinois. And that reputation was brought up  by political supporters and even one notable  opponent. And a particular wrestling match against a local bully in a small Illinois settlement became a beloved part of Lincoln lore. Of course, Lincolns wrestling exploits were nothing like the flamboyant professional wrestling we know  today. And it wasnt  even like the organized athletics of high school or college wrestling. Lincolns  grappling amounted to frontier feats of strength witnessed by a handful of townspeople. But his wrestling skills still became the stuff of political legend. Lincolns Wrestling Past Surfaced In Politics In the 19th century, it was important for a politician to demonstrate bravery and vitality, and that naturally applied to Abraham Lincoln. Political campaign mentions of Lincoln as a capable wrestler first seem to have surfaced during the 1858 debates  that were part of the campaign for a U.S. Senate seat in Illinois. Surprisingly, it was Lincolns perennial opponent, Stephen Douglas, who brought it up. Douglas, at the first Lincoln-Douglas Debate in Ottawa, Illinois on August 21, 1858, referred to Lincolns longstanding reputation as a wrestler in what the New York Times called an amusing passage. Douglas mentioned having known Lincoln for decades, adding, He could beat any of the boys at wrestling. Only after dispensing such lighthearted praise did Douglas get around to savaging Lincoln, labeling him an Abolitionist Black Republican. Lincoln lost that election, but two years later, when he had been nominated as the young Republican Partys candidate for president, the wrestling mentions came up again. During the 1860 presidential campaign, some newspapers reprinted the comments Douglas had made about Lincolns wrestling skill. And the reputation as an athletic lad who had engaged in wrestling was spread by Lincoln supporters. John Locke Scripps, a Chicago newspaperman, wrote a campaign biography of Lincoln which was quickly published as a book for distribution during the 1860 campaign. It is believed Lincoln reviewed the manuscript and made corrections and deletions, and he apparently approved of the following passage: It is scarcely necessary to add that he also greatly excelled in all those homely feats of strength, agility, and endurance  practiced by frontier people in his sphere of life. In wrestling, jumping, running, throwing the maul and pitching the crow-bar, he always stood first among those of his own age. The campaign stories of 1860 planted a seed. After his death, the legend of Lincoln as a great wrestler took hold, and the story of a particular wrestling match held decades earlier became a standard part of the Lincoln legend. Challenged to Wrestle the Local Bully The story behind the legendary wrestling match is that Lincoln, while in his early 20s, had settled in the frontier village of New Salem, Illinois. He worked in a general store, though he was mostly concentrating on reading and educating himself. Lincolns employer, a storekeeper named Denton Offutt, would boast about the strength of Lincoln, who stood six feet four inches tall. As a result of Offutts boasting, Lincoln was challenged to fight Jack Armstrong, a local bully who was the leader of a group of mischief makers known as the Clarys Grove Boys. Armstrong and his friends were known for mean-spirited pranks, such as forcing new arrivals in the community into a barrel, nailing the lid on, and rolling the barrel down a hill. The Match With Jack Armstrong A resident of New Salem, recalling the event decades later, said the townspeople tried to get Lincoln to tussle and scuffle with Armstrong. Lincoln at first refused, but finally agreed to a wrestling match that would start off with side holds. The object was to throw the other man. A crowd gathered in front of Offuts store, with the locals wagering on the outcome. After the obligatory handshake, the two young men struggled against each other for a time, neither one being able to find an advantage. Finally, according to a version of the story repeated in countless Lincoln biographies, Armstrong tried to foul Lincoln by tripping him. Enraged by the dirty tactics, Lincoln grabbed Armstrong by the neck and, extending his long arms, shook him like a rag. When it appeared Lincoln would win the match, Armstrongs cohorts in the Clarys Grove Boys began to approach. Lincoln, according to one version of the story, stood with his back to the wall of the general store and announced that he would fight each man individually, but not all of them at once. Jack Armstrong brought an end to the affair, declaring that Lincoln had bested him fairly and was the best feller that ever broke into this settlement. The two opponents shook hands  and were friends from that point onward. Wrestling  Became Part of the Lincoln Legend In the years following Lincolns assassination, William Herndon, Lincolns former law partner in Springfield, Illinois, devoted a lot of time to preserving Lincolns legacy. Herndon corresponded with a number of people who claimed to have witnessed the wrestling match in front of Offutts store in New Salem. The eyewitness accounts tended to be contradictory, and there are several variations of the story. The general outline, however, is always the same: Lincoln was a reluctant participant goaded into the wrestling matchHe faced an opponent who tried to cheatAnd he stood up to a gang of bullies. And those elements of the story became part of American folklore.